It is known that antibody is a large Y globulin secreted by Effector B cell and antibody can identify and neutralize the virus and bacteria. Thus antibody plays a vital role in life science.As the research of antibody goes, antibodies can be made by human and it becomes various. It is always divided into two parts: polyclonal antibody and monoclonal antibody. The difference between polyconal antibody and monoclonal antibody will be presented in this blog.
Definition
Generally, the antibodies are made up of several antigen determinants. If the antibody is stimulated by one kind of antigen determinant and it is produced by the interaction of one Effector B cell and antigen, it is the polyclonal antibody. However, several antigens stimulate the organism and it would produce various monoclonal antibody, then these monoclonL antibodies will mix up and they become polyclonal antibodies. Beside of the variety of antigen determinants, the same antigen determinants also can stimulate organism produce five different kinds of antibodies including IgE 、IgD、IgA、IgG and IgM. In addition, monoclonal antibody is stimulated by heterologous antigens and then organism produces immune reaction. It is produced by organism plasma cells. However, monoclonal antibody is cloned by one antibody which only has reaction to the epitope of a specific antigen.
Application and Uniques
Monoclonal antibody: The main merit of monoclonal antibody is that use antigen with general purity can get a large number of antibodies with high specificity and uniformity. Because of this advantage, it can be applied to immunological analysis which is characterized by labeled antibodies such as IRM and ELISA. Moreover, it is also beneficial to inside radioimmunoimaging ,immune -directed therapy, protein purification and medical diagnostic testing reagents.
Polyconal antibody: polyclonal antibody has a wider application than monoclonal antibody for its advantages. For example, it can recognize quantities of epitopes; it can causes precipitation reaction; preparation time is short and its cost is low.
Those are the basic difference between polyclonal antibody and monoclonal antibody.